The Circuit Breaker pattern acts as a safety mechanism in distributed systems, preventing cascading failures when external services become unresponsive. Inspired by electrical circuit breakers, it monitors call success rates and “trips” to an OPEN state when failures exceed thresholds, Read more
Implementing the Saga pattern in Spring Boot microservices involves coordinating local transactions across services using events, with compensating actions for failures, as shown in a banking funds transfer scenario behind Kong Gateway. This approach ensures eventual consistency in distributed systems Read more
In the evolving landscape of microservices architecture, the API Gateway pattern stands as a cornerstone for managing complexity, enhancing security, and optimizing performance. This single-entry-point facade simplifies how clients—whether mobile apps, web frontends, or third-party integrations—interact with a sprawling ecosystem of backend microservices. By Read more
In a microservices architecture, the database-per-service pattern means each microservice owns its own private database instead of sharing a single central DB. Other services can only access that data through the service’s API, never by querying its tables or collections directly. This Read more
Creating efficient, scalable APIs is essential for modern applications. In this blog post, we’ll walk through building two separate CRUD APIs following the Command Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS) pattern using Python’s FastAPI framework. We’ll use MongoDB as our document database Read more
Large Language Models (LLMs) have taken the digital world by storm, showcasing incredible capabilities in generating human-like text, translating languages, and assisting with complex tasks. However, these models, primarily developed through supervised and self-supervised machine learning on vast, static datasets, Read more
Over the last 15+ years, I’ve seen front‑end technology evolve dramatically—from the early days of vanilla JavaScript, through jQuery, AngularJS, and now ReactJS. Each era has taught me valuable lessons about building scalable, user‑friendly applications. Today, I want to share Read more
